Physiology
·Physiology
Acid–Base — Compensation Rules
⭐ PREMIUM
Step 1: pH — acidaemia (7.45)?
Step 2: HCO3 vs PCO2 — which is the primary disturbance?
Compensation:
• Metabolic acidosis: expected PCO2 = 1.5 × HCO3 + 8 (Winter's formula, ±2)
• Metabolic alkalosis: PCO2 ↑ by 0.7 mmHg per 1 mmol HCO3
• Acute respiratory acidosis: HCO3 ↑ by 1 per 10 ↑ in PCO2
• Chronic respiratory acidosis: HCO3 ↑ by 4 per 10 ↑ in PCO2
• Acute respiratory alkalosis: HCO3 ↓…
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