Endocrinology
·Endocrinology
Diabetes — Drug Classes Quick Map
⭐ PREMIUM
Metformin (biguanide):
• Mechanism: ↓ hepatic gluconeogenesis, ↑ peripheral insulin sensitivity
• First-line for T2DM
• Side effects: GI, lactic acidosis (esp renal failure)
• Avoid: eGFR < 30, severe hepatic disease
Sulfonylureas (gliclazide, glipizide, glimepiride):
• Mechanism: stimulate pancreatic insulin release (close K-ATP channels)
• Side effects: hypoglycaemia, weight gain
DPP-4 i…
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