Radio 10 Nov (E) 2025 Paper

A 34-year-old construction worker presents to the emergency room following a 20-foot fall. On examination, he exhibits motor weakness with signs of (UMN) damage in the upper limbs and (LMN) damage in the lower limbs. Crucially, his perianal sensation, anal sphincter tone, and bladder function remain intact. What is the most likely diagnosis for this pattern of neurological deficit?

A biopsy sample is analyzed and shows a chronic inflammatory process characterized by an aggregation of activated macrophages, accompanied by a surrounding cuff of lymphocytes and plasma cells. What type of inflammation is this pathological pattern most characteristic of?